The K1 Visa
 

The United States K-1 VISA

The K1 Visa Process

A K1 visa is a United States nonimmigrant visa benefiting fiancées of US citizen petitioners. The Application is made by the petitioner in the US on a USCIS form I-129F filed by mail at a USCIS Service Center. The Applicant must provide detailed information and supporting documentation to establish that both parties are legally free to marry, have met each other within the last two years, intend to marry, do not have disqualifying criminal histories (so-called crimes of moral turpitude), and proof of identity and citizenship. Recent changes to the Law also limit the number of petitions a Petitioner can make, and the Petitioner must not have a criminal history of sexual or partner abuse. Other recent changes in the Law also severely limit the role of "marriage agencies" in the introductions, and any involvement must be disclosed.

If the fiancee visa application is approved, the Application materials will all be forwarded to the National Passport Center for processing. Then the whole paper file wrapper is sent to the US embassy or consulate in the jurisdiction in which the fiance resides abroad . The Embassy will contact the fiancee and schedule an interview date. In the meantime, the fiance has to have a medical examination at an approved clinic, to screen for certain infectious diseases like HIV, Tuberculosis and Syphilis. The Embassy staff will question the fiancée and ask for additional documents, to determine the authenticity of the relationship, though the preliminary questioning in this regard is fairly straightforward and brief. If the interview goes well, the visa is granted quickly, but the fiancée's passport may need to be kept for a few days for processing. The K1 fiancee visa holder then has six months to enter the US, and 90 days after that to marry the Petitioner. The fiancée cannot marry any other person, and must return if not married to the Petitioner. If the fiancée has children, and they were properly identified in the original petition, then they will be issued K-2 visas.

After marrying, an "Adjustment of Status" (using a USCIS form I-485) must be filed that will convert the K-1 fiancée visa and K2 children status to that of "Conditional Lawful Permanent Resident Status", e.g., a green card. It can take as long as a year after the filing of a correct I-485 to be invited to a local USCIS Office for an interview of the Petitioner, K1 fiancee, and any K2 children. The interviewer is essentially interested in ascertaining if the marriage is legitimate, and will ask questions a genuine couple should have no issue answering, for example, "Who normally does the grocery shopping?", "What night does the garbage go out?", "When was the last time your spouse took the day off work?". If the interview goes well, the I-551 "green card" will be issued.

The Conditional Permanent Resident Card can be converted just before the two year anniversary of issuance to unconditional status by making another application and attending a second interview. Otherwise, the Conditional Permanent Resident Card will expire, and the applicant will be subject to exclusion from the United States. Again, the interviewer will be looking to see if this is a legitimate marriage, however, if the couple has split up and a history of spousal abuse can be documented to the USCIS, the fiancée alone can apply for the unconditional status. In other words, the power of the Petitioner to coerce and intimidate the fiancée is reduced and the fiancée will be excused by the USCIS if it can be shown the separation or divorce was the fault of the Petitioner. This ties back in with not granting K1/K2 petitions to US citizens that have a history of violence or sex crimes. The foreign spouse may apply for US citizenship three years after the issuance of the Conditional Permanent Resident Card if married the whole time to the US Citizen, or otherwise five years after the issuance of the Conditional Permanent Resident Card.

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